A2
Past Simple: неправильные глаголы
Past Simple: неправильные глаголы
Теория
В английском языке есть глаголы с неправильной формой прошедшего времени. Их нельзя получить добавлением -ed — их нужно запомнить.
Основные формы неправильных глаголов
Запомните эти 20 базовых пар: present → past.
| go | went | I went to the park yesterday. | идти, ходить, ехать |
| see | saw | She saw a great movie last night. | видеть |
| take | took | We took the bus to school. | брать, везти |
| come | came | He came home late. | приходить |
| eat | ate | I ate breakfast at seven. | есть |
| write | wrote | She wrote a long letter. | писать |
| run | ran | I ran in the morning. | бегать |
| swim | swam | We swam in the lake. | плавать |
| fly | flew | The plane flew to Paris. | летать |
| drive | drove | My father drove to work. | водить машину |
| give | gave | I gave her a small gift. | давать |
| do | did | I did my homework after dinner. | делать |
| have | had | We had lunch together. | иметь, есть (о времени) |
| make | made | She made a chocolate cake. | делать, готовить |
| find | found | I found my keys under the table. | находить |
| get | got | He got a new job last month. | получать, доставать |
| sleep | slept | I slept for eight hours. | спать |
| buy | bought | We bought new shoes yesterday. | покупать |
| say | said | He said hello and left. | говорить, сказать |
| read | read | I read an interesting book last week. | читать |
Утвердительная форма
Подлежащее + глагол в Past Simple (irregular).
-
I/he/she/we/they + past form (одна форма для всех лиц)
- I went to the park.
- She saw a movie.
- We took the bus.
Отрицательная форма
didn't + базовая форма (не past form!).
-
Subject + didn't + base verb
- I didn't go to school.
- She didn't see the movie.
- We didn't take the bus.
Вопросительная форма
Did + подлежащее + базовая форма?
-
Did + subject + base verb?
- Did you go to the park?
- Did she see the movie?
- Did they take the bus?
Маркеры времени Past Simple
Слова и фразы, которые указывают на Past Simple.
| yesterday | I went to the park yesterday. |
| last week | She saw a movie last week. |
| two days ago | We took the bus two days ago. |
| in 2020 | I read this book in 2020. |
| when I was… | When I was ten, I had a small dog. |
Ещё неправильные глаголы из заданий
Эти формы тоже встречаются в упражнениях — выучите их вместе с основной двадцаткой.
| think | thought | I thought it was a good idea. | думать |
| bring | brought | She brought a cake to the party. | приносить |
| teach | taught | My grandmother taught me to cook. | учить (кого-то) |
| catch | caught | He caught the ball. | ловить |
| tell | told | She told an interesting story. | рассказывать |
| know | knew | I knew the answer. | знать |
| understand | understood | We understood the lesson. | понимать |
| forget | forgot | I forgot my umbrella at home. | забывать |
| wake | woke | I woke up at seven. | просыпаться |
| fall | fell | Half of the people fell asleep. | падать |
| wear | wore | She wore a warm coat. | носить (одежду) |
| break | broke | Who broke this window? | ломать, разбивать |
| lose | lost | She lost her way in the city. | терять |
| send | sent | They sent the letter yesterday. | отправлять |
| leave | left | He said hello and left. | уходить, оставлять |
| drink | drank | They drank the coffee. | пить |
| sing | sang | The teacher sang a song. | петь |
| begin | began | The children began to laugh. | начинать |
| win | won | The team won the match. | выигрывать |
| feel | felt | She felt cold. | чувствовать |
Распространённые ошибки
Что НЕ нужно делать в Past Simple.
-
❌ Не используйте -ed с неправильными глаголами: «goed» неверно, правильно «went».
- I goed → I went.
- She seed → She saw.
- We taked → We took.
-
❌ После didn't идёт базовая форма, а не past: «didn't went» неверно.
- I didn't went → I didn't go.
- She didn't saw → She didn't see.
Важно
- В отрицании и вопросе ВСЕГДА используется базовая форма глагола: «I didn't went» — неверно, правильно «I didn't go».
- Глагол <strong>be</strong> ведёт себя особо: was/were без did.
Past Simple irregular: краткая сводка
| Форма | Пример | Структура |
|---|---|---|
| Утверждение | I went. | Subject + V2 (past form) |
| Отрицание | I didn't go. | Subject + didn't + V (base) |
| Вопрос | Did you go? | Did + subject + V (base)? |
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